Risk level associated with design of pallet rack (See TNO report section 2.3)
1
Level of pallets per day inbound /outbound
i
Example of low inbound/outbound is a spare part warehouse and example of high inbound/outbound is a retail warehouse
i
limited pallet movements (e.g. an archive)
i
Normal warehouse conditions
i
High amount of pallet movements (e.g. retail)
2
Automation of pallet handling
i
Use of reach trucks and/or counterbalance trucks
i
e.g. automatic height selection, limitation of speed raise/lower forks
i
e.g. Automated Storage & Retrieval System (AS/RS)
3
Type of pallet racking structure
i
Classification according to NEN-EN 15620
Pallet racking structure and stacker crane - class 100/200
Pallet racking structure with very narrow aisle racking - class 300, 300A, 300B
Pallet racking structure with narrow aisle racking - class 400 (reach truck)
Pallet racking structure with wide aisle racking - class 400 (counterbalanced truck)
Additional safety measures pallet racking structure
i
additional to required ones according to standards
4
Pallet support bars or shelf panel in bays
i
Fall-through protection
5
Safety back stops or buffer back stops
i
Prevents the pallet from being placed too deep. In case of manually operated pallet handling, a backstop encourages incorrect use.
i
Backstop is present, and design according to relevant standards
i
Backstop is not present
6
Upright protectors additional to required ones
i
minimum requirement is protectors at corners (see FEM 10.2.16)
i
Optional protectors are present
i
No optional protectors
7
Increase of robustness of pallet racking structure by applying structural measures in addition to the minimum design according to EN 15512
i
For example by replacing U-shaped diagonals of frame with tubular diagonals, by anchoring base plates with double anchors. Or if the weight of more than 80% of the unit loads is less than 50% of the maximum allowable load
i
Safety is higher than required by standard
i
Safety is conform standard
Specific circumstances pallet racking structure
8
Passage way present
i
Passage ways are also called a tunnel bays. It is a gangway where MHEs can pass under loaded racking compartments
i
Tunnel bay is present
i
No tunnel bays
9
Use of operation aisles as gangways
i
An aisle which is additionally uesd for MHE to drive from one part of the warehouse to another part
Additional measures mechanical handling equipment (MHE)
10
Limitation of maximum speed and/or acceleration of MHE
i
This refers to measures that regulate the speed of internal means of transport.
11
Use of a positioning camera and monitor
i
MHE's can be equipped with camera and monitor to improve the view on the pallet handling
12
One or more of the following measures is taken: automatic height selection, limitation of speed raise/lower forks, shock detection
i
MHE's can be equipped with several types of equipment that improve the safety of operation
13
Control of weight of inbound unit loads
i
A system is in place that checks the weight of incoming goods. When the maximum weight is exceeded the pallet shall not be placed in the pallet racking system.
14
Intensity of pedestrians in the operational aisles
i
Intensity of pedestrian traffic
No pedestrian traffic
Occasional pedestrian traffic
Frequent pedestrian traffic
Guidance for pedestrians
15
Assigned pedestrian lanes
i
Definition of pedestrian areas
i
Pedestrian areas are clearly marked
i
pedestrian areas are not marked
16
Order picking separated from replenish
i
Organisation of these activities
i
Physical separation or activities at different times
i
Activities not separated
i
No order picking
Risk level associated with use of pallet rack (See TNO report section 2.4)
17
Liquid containers are frequently used
18
Plastic and/or steel pallets are frequently used
19
Single-use pallets are frequently used
i
Frequent use of pallets not complying with pallet standards and/or pallet pooling requirements
i
Information is not available yet
20
Damaged pallets are frequently used
Working conditions
21
Working rate
i
Work pressure
i
People work under high time pressure
i
Normal working conditions
22
Day and night shifts
i
Information is not available yet
23
Multiple languages on the working floor
i
Information is not available yet
24
Employees properly educated for their tasks
25
Personal Protection Equipment prescribed to increase visibility of employees
26
Mainly temporary workers
i
Types of contracts
i
Mainly temporary workers
i
Mainly regular employees
27
Proper qualification of drivers
i
According to Dutch law forklift drivers must be sufficiently trained and instructed to be able to work safely
i
forklift drivers are properly trained and instructed
i
(part of the) forklift drivers are insufficiently trained
Safety culture
28
Presence of an integral management safety culture
i
NEN-EN 15635 defines the minimum requirements for safe working conditions.
i
On top of the NEN-EN
15635, point 1 or alternatively point 2*) is in place:
1. A certified safety management system is in place that also applies to the warehouse

2 Safety management system is not certified, but
a. All safety regulations and measures are followed in practice
b. Employees actually report damages and incidents even the small ones
c. Employees, colleagues and supervisors actually talk to each other about safety
d. Employees are assessed on behavior in relation to the safety culture

*) When at least 3 of the 4 elements of point 2 are part of the safety culture, this
question may be answered with "Yes"
i
The minimum requirements of the NEN-EN 15635 are in place
29
Reward system to stimulate employees to work safely
i
Management approach to stimulate working safely.
i
The minimum requirements of the NEN-EN 15635 are in place
i
The minimum requirements of the NEN-EN 15635 are in place
i
The minimum requirements of the NEN-EN 15635 are in place
i
The minimum requirements of the NEN-EN 15635 are in place
Risk quantification disproportional collapse

Example

1
Combined effect DESIGN risk factors
7.00e-8
Adjusted Risk Progressive collapse - DESIGN
0.5
Unity check DESIGN
1
Combined effect DESIGN & USE risk factors
7.00e-8
Adjusted risk progressive collapse DESIGN & USE
0.5
Unity check DESIGN & USE
2024-04-26, based on TNO-rapport TNO 2021 R10645
V0.2, October 2022
Risk quantification disproportional collapse

Example

1
Combined effect DESIGN risk factors
7.00e-8
Adjusted Risk Progressive collapse - DESIGN
0.5
Unity check DESIGN
1
Combined effect DESIGN & USE risk factors
7.00e-8
Adjusted risk progressive collapse DESIGN & USE
0.5
Unity check DESIGN & USE
2024-04-26, based on TNO-rapport TNO 2021 R10645
V0.2, October 2022
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